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Related Experiment Videos

Progressive retinal atrophy in Tibetan terriers.

N J Millichamp1, R Curtis, K C Barnett

  • 1Comparative Ophthalmology Unit, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, England.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|March 15, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Progressive retinal atrophy in Tibetan Terriers is an autosomal recessive condition. Early signs include night blindness, with electroretinography detecting changes by 10 months and histopathology by 9 weeks.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Canine Genetics
  • Retinal Diseases

Background:

  • Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a group of inherited retinal diseases causing vision loss in dogs.
  • Tibetan Terriers are susceptible to certain forms of PRA, necessitating genetic and clinical characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mode of inheritance and clinical, electroretinographic, and histopathologic features of PRA in Tibetan Terriers.
  • To determine the earliest diagnostic indicators and disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination, ophthalmoscopy, electroretinography (ERG), fluorescein angiography, and retinal histopathology were performed on affected and normal Tibetan Terriers.
  • Genetic analysis was inferred from mating data.

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Main Results:

  • A simple autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was supported by mating data.
  • Clinical signs (night blindness, tapetal hyperreflectivity) appeared around 1 year of age.
  • ERG showed reduced b-wave amplitude by 10 months, with extinguishment by 30 months.
  • Histopathology revealed outer retinal disorganization by 9 weeks, with preferential rod loss later in the disease.
  • Fluorescein angiography did not offer earlier diagnosis than ophthalmoscopy.

Conclusions:

  • PRA in Tibetan Terriers follows an autosomal recessive pattern.
  • Early diagnosis is possible through a combination of clinical signs, ERG, and histopathology.
  • The disease involves progressive degeneration of photoreceptors, with rods affected more severely than cones over time.