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Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 and KRYPTONITE regulate pathogen-induced programmed cell death in Arabidopsis.

Eva Dvořák Tomaštíková1, Anders Hafrén1, Minerva S Trejo-Arellano1

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|February 10, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically controls plant programmed cell death (PCD) during pathogen infection. This epigenetic regulation of stress-induced PCD mirrors developmental PCD pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Plant immunity

Background:

  • Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) regulates developmental transitions by suppressing gene expression.
  • PRC2 is known to control senescence, a form of developmental programmed cell death (PCD) in plants.
  • The role of PRC2 in stress-induced PCD, particularly during pathogen infection, was largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if PCD triggered by pathogen effectors is associated with changes in PRC2-mediated H3K27me3 modification in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • To examine the distribution of the heterochromatic histone mark H3K9me2 and its relationship with PRC2 targets.
  • To determine the regulatory role of these epigenetic modifications in pathogen-induced PCD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of H3K27me3 and H3K9me2 distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • Investigating the impact of pathogen effectors on epigenetic modifications.
  • Assessing the role of KRYPTONITE in H3K9me2 establishment.

Main Results:

  • Effector-induced PCD led to significant alterations in the distribution of both H3K27me3 and H3K9me2.
  • Both repressive epigenetic modifications were found to play a regulatory role in the onset of PCD during pathogen infection.
  • Pathogen infection triggers widespread changes in repressive epigenetic marks.

Conclusions:

  • Pathogen-induced PCD in plants is epigenetically controlled.
  • The epigenetic mechanisms regulating stress-induced PCD share similarities with those controlling developmental PCD.
  • PRC2 and H3K9me2 are key epigenetic regulators of plant immunity and PCD.