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Related Experiment Videos

Blood glutathione oxidation during human exercise.

K Gohil1, C Viguie, W C Stanley

  • 1Department of Physiology-Anatomy, University of California, Berkeley 94720.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Intense exercise depletes blood reduced glutathione (GSH) and increases oxidized glutathione (GSSG), indicating oxidative stress. GSH levels recover and overshoot post-exercise, suggesting the body adapts to increased oxygen utilization.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Antioxidant Systems

Background:

  • The glutathione system is crucial for cellular defense against oxidative stress.
  • Physical exercise increases oxygen consumption, potentially leading to the production of reactive oxygen species.
  • Understanding the impact of exercise on glutathione homeostasis is vital for sports science and health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of acute exercise on the glutathione antioxidant system in human blood.
  • To assess changes in reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) during and after exercise.
  • To explore the relationship between exercise intensity, oxygen utilization, and oxidative stress markers.

Main Methods:

  • Eight moderately trained males performed maximal and prolonged submaximal cycling exercise.

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  • Blood samples were collected at rest, during exercise, and up to 4 days post-exercise.
  • Concentrations of GSH, GSSG, lactate, pyruvate, and glucose were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Maximal exercise did not alter blood GSH or total glutathione levels, but increased lactate and pyruvate.
    • Prolonged submaximal exercise significantly decreased GSH by 60% and increased GSSG by 100%.
    • During recovery, GSH and the GSH/GSSG ratio increased, exceeding pre-exercise levels within 3 days.

    Conclusions:

    • Submaximal exercise induces significant oxidative stress in the blood of moderately trained males, evidenced by GSH depletion and GSSG increase.
    • The observed changes suggest increased formation of active oxygen species during prolonged exercise.
    • The overshoot in GSH levels during recovery indicates an adaptive response to manage exercise-induced oxidative stress.