Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

3.2K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
3.2K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

386
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
386
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.4K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Emerging Challenges and Advances in Porcine Circovirus: A Decade in Review.

Transboundary and emerging diseases·2026
Same author

Pseudorabies Virus UL41 Hijacks IFN Response via JAK/STAT Pathway While Cellular TRIM21 Blocks it Through K48 Ubiquitination.

Transboundary and emerging diseases·2025
Same author

Advances in miRNA research: Unraveling the complexities of gene regulation.

Animal models and experimental medicine·2025
Same author

Comparative Pathogenicity of PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4 in Piglets: Insights Into Clinical, Pathological, and Immunological Features.

Transboundary and emerging diseases·2025
Same author

Infectivity and Potential Zoonotic Characteristics of Porcine Pseudorabies Virus in Human Cells.

Transboundary and emerging diseases·2025
Same author

The Nuclear Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 4 Affects the Subcellular Localization of the Virus Capsid and the Production of Virus-like Particles.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Development of a Large-Scale, Reproducible Production Method for Exosome Mimetics Using Magnetic Nanoparticles
05:36

Author Spotlight: Development of a Large-Scale, Reproducible Production Method for Exosome Mimetics Using Magnetic Nanoparticles

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.7K

Recent Progress on Exosomes in RNA Virus Infection.

Liying Zhang1, Yichen Ju1, Si Chen1

  • 1College of Animal Sciences, Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.

Viruses
|February 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Exosomes, small vesicles released by cells, play a role in cell communication and RNA virus infections. Further research is needed to clarify their mechanisms and contributions to disease pathogenesis.

Keywords:
RNA virusexosomeinfection

More Related Videos

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions
09:36

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Published on: August 26, 2021

4.1K
Purification of High Yield Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Away from Virus
07:15

Purification of High Yield Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Away from Virus

Published on: September 12, 2019

11.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Development of a Large-Scale, Reproducible Production Method for Exosome Mimetics Using Magnetic Nanoparticles
05:36

Author Spotlight: Development of a Large-Scale, Reproducible Production Method for Exosome Mimetics Using Magnetic Nanoparticles

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.7K
Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions
09:36

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Published on: August 26, 2021

4.1K
Purification of High Yield Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Away from Virus
07:15

Purification of High Yield Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Away from Virus

Published on: September 12, 2019

11.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Virology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Cells release exosomes, which carry cellular information and mediate intercellular communication.
  • Exosomes contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids reflecting the cell's state.
  • These vesicles are implicated in the spread and modulation of RNA virus infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biogenesis, composition, and functions of exosomes.
  • To focus on the role of exosomes in RNA virus infections.
  • To identify areas for future research regarding exosome mechanisms in viral pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of exosome research.
  • Analysis of studies on exosome involvement in RNA virus infections.
  • Identification of knowledge gaps in exosome-mediated pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Exosomes facilitate cell-to-cell transfer of functional molecules.
  • Exosomes released by infected cells can influence neighboring cells and modulate host responses.
  • Exosome-mediated pathways are suggested to operate in vivo, but mechanisms require clarification.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication with significant roles in viral infections.
  • Understanding exosome functions in viral pathogenesis is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies.
  • Further investigation into the in vivo mechanisms of exosome action in viral infections is warranted.