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Nicotinamide Improves Cognitive Function in Mice With Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion.

Bin Liu1, Guifeng Zhao2, Ling Jin1

  • 1Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China.

Frontiers in Neurology
|February 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Nicotinamide (NAM) treatment improved cognitive function and reduced white matter damage in mice experiencing chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). This study demonstrates NAM

Keywords:
chronic cerebral hypoperfusioncognitive impairmentmemorynicotinamidewhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cerebrovascular Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Normal brain function relies on a consistent blood supply.
  • Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) can lead to white matter injury and cognitive deficits.
  • Investigating therapeutic interventions for CCH-induced neurological damage is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of nicotinamide (NAM) in mitigating cognitive impairment and white matter damage caused by CCH in mice.
  • To assess the impact of NAM on learning, memory, anxiety, and depression-like behaviors in a CCH mouse model.
  • To examine the effects of NAM on white matter integrity and related protein expression following CCH.

Main Methods:

  • Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) was induced in male C57Bl/6J mice.
  • Mice were treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of nicotinamide (NAM) at 200 mg/kg for 30 days.
  • Behavioral tests (MWMT, OFT, SPT, FST), histological analyses, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were employed.

Main Results:

  • NAM treatment significantly improved learning and memory in CCH mice, as evidenced by increased time in the target quadrant and reduced escape latency.
  • NAM administration ameliorated anxiety and depression-like behaviors and reduced myelin injury scores.
  • Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting revealed that NAM upregulated the protein expression of CNPase and synaptophysin, which were downregulated by CCH.

Conclusions:

  • Nicotinamide (NAM) effectively improves cognitive function in mice subjected to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH).
  • NAM demonstrates neuroprotective effects by reducing white matter damage and restoring myelin integrity.
  • NAM holds potential as a therapeutic agent for conditions associated with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.