Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 17, 2025
11:36
Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
Published on: May 29, 2020
3.2K
[Isoniazid-inducedtoxic hepatitis]
Kristina Langholz Kristensen1, Anne Christine Nordholm, Mette Rye Clausen
1kristina.langholz@gmail.com.
Ugeskrift for Laeger
|February 11, 2021
Summary
Isoniazid treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) can cause severe liver injury. This case highlights the importance of monitoring liver function to prevent serious complications.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Isoniazid is a primary treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).
- Hepatotoxicity is a known, potentially severe side effect of isoniazid therapy.
- Early detection and management are crucial for preventing progression to liver failure.
Observation:
- A 39-year-old male developed acute hepatitis during standard isoniazid treatment for LTBI.
- The patient experienced severe liver injury, necessitating consideration of liver transplantation.
- Despite the severity, the patient achieved full hepatic regeneration without transplantation.
Findings:
- This case illustrates a severe, yet reversible, instance of isoniazid-induced acute hepatitis.
- The patient's recovery underscores the liver's regenerative capacity.
- The incident occurred despite standard treatment protocols for LTBI.
Implications:
- Routine biochemical monitoring during LTBI treatment is essential for early detection of hepatotoxicity.
- Implementing vigilant follow-up can prevent severe isoniazid-related liver complications.
- This case emphasizes the need for proactive patient management in LTBI treatment programs.
Related Concept Videos
01:08Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment
80
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
80
01:22Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test
76
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
76
01:16Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors
348
The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
348
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
321
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
321
01:26Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow
100
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
100
01:17Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling
2.1K
Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...
2.1K