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Decrease in Hatchability of Pheasant Eggs Associated with Enterococcus faecalis.

Donald L Reynolds1, J Dustin Loy1

  • 1Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4040 East Campus Loop North, Lincoln, NE 68583-0907.

Avian Diseases
|February 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A drastic drop in ring-neck pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) hatchability was linked to high levels of Enterococcus faecalis within late-stage embryos. Environmental conditions during egg collection may have contributed to this bacterial contamination and subsequent embryo mortality.

Keywords:
Enterococcus faecalisdecreased hatchabilityring-neck pheasant

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Area of Science:

  • Avian pathology
  • Game bird production
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • A commercial game bird producer experienced a significant decline in ring-neck pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) hatchability.
  • Typical hatchability is approximately 75%, but the affected hatch yielded only 14-15%.

Observation:

  • Late-stage embryos from unhatched eggs showed pipping but died before hatching.
  • Eggs from an external breeder source, incubated concurrently, hatched normally, suggesting a specific issue with the producer's own eggs.
  • Environmental fluctuations (warm followed by cold/wet) occurred during egg collection for the affected batch.

Findings:

  • Bacteriological evaluation of eggshells yielded no pathogenic bacteria.
  • Internal organs of affected embryos revealed high quantities of Enterococcus faecalis.
  • No pathogenic bacteria were detected on the exterior of the affected eggshells.

Implications:

  • Enterococcus faecalis is implicated as a cause of late-stage embryo mortality in ring-neck pheasants.
  • Environmental conditions during egg collection may influence bacterial contamination and subsequent hatchability.
  • Further investigation into farm biosecurity and egg handling practices is warranted to prevent future losses.