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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

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Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
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Lipid Catabolism01:25

Lipid Catabolism

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Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
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Lipid Digestion01:06

Lipid Digestion

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Lipids are large molecules that are generally not water-soluble. Since most of the digestive enzymes in the human body are water-based, there are specific steps the body must take to break down lipids and make them available for use.
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Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body

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Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
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Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism01:28

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism

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Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
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Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

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Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Label-Free Imaging of Lipid Storage Dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
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Dissecting lipid metabolism alterations in SARS-CoV-2.

Ilaria Casari1, Marcello Manfredi2, Pat Metharom3

  • 1Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia.

Progress in Lipid Research
|February 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Lipid metabolism alterations are key in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Understanding these changes offers new therapeutic targets for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Keywords:
COVID-19Lipid MetabolismSARS-CoV-2coronavirusdyslipidaemia

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Metabolomics
  • Lipidomics

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the COVID-19 pandemic, with significant global mortality.
  • While research on virus-receptor interactions exists, understanding the mechanism of action is crucial for targeted therapies.
  • Viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, manipulate host cell lipid metabolism for their life cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of lipid metabolism in host-pathogen interactions during COVID-19.
  • To identify circulating lipids correlating with disease severity.
  • To explore lipid metabolism as a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic approaches.
  • Analyzing host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Correlating circulating lipid profiles with disease severity.

Main Results:

  • Metabolomic and lipidomic studies reveal significant alterations in host lipid metabolism during COVID-19.
  • Specific circulating lipids are identified that directly correlate with the severity of COVID-19.
  • Lipid metabolism plays a key role in viral pathogenesis and inflammatory response.

Conclusions:

  • Altered lipid metabolism is integral to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
  • Circulating lipids serve as potential biomarkers for COVID-19 severity.
  • Targeting lipid metabolism pathways presents a promising strategy for novel therapeutic interventions against COVID-19.