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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
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Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface
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Sialic Acids and Their Influence on Human NK Cell Function.

Philip Rosenstock1, Thomas Kaufmann1

  • 1Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystr. 1, D-06114 Halle/Saale, Germany.

Cells
|February 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sialic acids on immune cells and targets modulate Natural Killer (NK) cell activity. This review explores how these sugars influence NK cell interactions and functions in immunity.

Keywords:
CD56NCAMNK cellsNKG2DNKp44Nkp46Siglecssialic acidssialylationsialyltransferases

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Glycobiology

Background:

  • Sialic acids are nine-carbon sugars found on human cell surfaces, including immune and target cells.
  • Natural Killer (NK) cells are crucial innate immune cells that eliminate virus-infected and tumor cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of sialic acids in regulating NK cell function.
  • To explore how sialic acids on both NK cells and target cells impact NK cell-mediated immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the interactions between sialic acids and NK cell receptors.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the influence of cell-surface sialic acids on NK cell activation and inhibition.

Main Results:

  • Sialic acids can bind to specific NK cell receptors, either inhibiting or activating NK cell responses.
  • NK cells themselves express sialic acids, which can modulate the expression and activity of their own receptors.
  • The presence and density of sialic acids on target cells influence NK cell recognition and killing efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Sialic acids are key regulators of NK cell immunity, acting as crucial mediators in cell-cell interactions.
  • Understanding the sialic acid-NK cell axis provides insights into immune surveillance and potential therapeutic strategies for cancer and infectious diseases.