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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

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Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
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Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
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Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction

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Personalized Endoscopy in Complex Malignant Hilar Biliary Strictures.

Ivo Boškoski1,2, Tommaso Schepis1,2, Andrea Tringali1,2

  • 1Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|February 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant hilar biliary obstruction (HBO) is challenging, often caused by aggressive hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Endoscopic approaches are vital for diagnosis, staging, and palliation, offering a personalized treatment strategy.

Keywords:
confocal laser endomicroscopyendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographyendoscopic ultrasoundmalignant hilar stricturesperoral cholangioscopypersonalized endoscopyplastic biliary stentsself-expandable metal stents

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Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients with a Previous History of Biliary Tract Surgery
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Interventional Endoscopy

Background:

  • Malignant hilar biliary obstruction (HBO) presents diagnostic and therapeutic complexities.
  • Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is the primary etiology, characterized by aggressive behavior and poor prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the pivotal role of endoscopy in managing malignant HBO.
  • To emphasize the importance of a personalized endoscopic approach for diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Endoscopic techniques for diagnosis, including tissue sampling (cytology/histology) and echoendoscopy for staging.
  • Endoscopic biliary drainage as a preferred palliative treatment over percutaneous methods for obstructive jaundice.
  • Evaluation of various endoscopic strategies tailored to individual patient scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Endoscopy facilitates direct visualization and tissue acquisition for accurate diagnosis.
  • Echoendoscopy aids in precise locoregional staging of the primary tumor.
  • Endoscopic biliary drainage effectively manages obstructive jaundice in malignant HBO.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopy is indispensable throughout the management of malignant HBO, from diagnosis to palliation.
  • A personalized endoscopic strategy is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes in malignant HBO.
  • Interventional endoscopy offers versatile solutions for complex biliary obstruction cases.