Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 17, 2025

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats
Published on: February 20, 2019
Sex Differences in Animal Models of Opioid Reward
Natalie M Lopresti1, Manuel Esguerra1, Paul G Mermelstein1
1University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Department of Neuroscience.
Purpose Of Review:
This review aims to discuss sex differences observed in preclinical rodent models of opioid reward.
Recent Findings:
Utilizing a variety of methodological approaches and drug regimens, no clear consensus has emerged regarding the effects of opiates between males and females. This is quite dissimilar to work examining psychostimulants, where female animals reliably exhibit stronger behavioral responses.
Summary:
With opioid research quickly expanding to determine the neural underpinnings of opioid addiction, further research is essential to determine the conditions wherein sex differences may occur and how they may relate to the human condition.
Related Concept Videos
Opioid Receptors: Overview
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
Analgesia and Pain Management

