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Programmed Cell Senescence in the Mouse Developing Spinal Cord and Notochord.

Jorge Antolio Domínguez-Bautista1, Pilar Sarah Acevo-Rodríguez1, Susana Castro-Obregón1

  • 1División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|February 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Programmed cell senescence occurs in the developing mouse spinal cord and notochord. This process, marked by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and specific protein expression, influences embryonic development.

Keywords:
Cdkn1a/p21CIP1/WAFCdkn2a/p16INK4Aendothelial cellsmotoneuronsmouse developmentnotochordspinal cord

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cellular Senescence
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Programmed cell senescence is a conserved developmental process observed across diverse species.
  • It shares characteristics with stress-induced senescence, including specific cell cycle inhibitors and a secretory phenotype.
  • Its role in mammalian embryonic development, particularly in shaping tissues, remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and distribution of programmed cell senescence markers in the developing mouse spinal cord and notochord.
  • To explore the potential role of senescent cells in spinal cord and notochord development.
  • To assess the impact of senolytic treatment on these processes.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity in embryonic tissues.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis for cell cycle inhibitors p21CIP1/WAF and p16INK4A.
  • Treatment of developing mouse embryos with the senolytic drug ABT-263 and subsequent analysis.

Main Results:

  • Discrete areas and developmental windows of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase were identified in the developing spinal cord and notochord.
  • p21CIP1/WAF was expressed in spinal cord and notochord epithelial cells, while p16INK4A was found in motoneurons.
  • Senolytic treatment with ABT-263 reduced senescence markers and the number of motoneurons, suggesting their senescent nature.

Conclusions:

  • Programmed cell senescence is present in specific subpopulations of cells within the developing mouse spinal cord and notochord.
  • Senescent motoneurons and notochord cells likely play a role in embryonic development.
  • Targeting senescent cells with senolytics may impact spinal cord development.