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Updated: Nov 17, 2025
Evaluation of Muscle Function of the Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle Ex vivo and Tibialis Anterior Muscle In situ in Mice
Published on: February 9, 2013
Comparison of the insertion patterns of the extensor hallucis longus muscle in Korean focusing on the regional
Inyoub Chang1, Euihyeon Na2, Ji Won Oh3
1Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
Purpose:
From the evolutionary myology, the additional tendon of the extensor hallucis longus (EHL) muscle represents the sample of a new acquisition. We aimed to determine whether the insertion pattern of the EHL muscle differs in Koreans according to demographic populations, especially between Jeju islanders and the Korean Peninsula inhabitants.
Methods:
We used 69 Korean cadavers and classified the tendinous insertion of the EHL muscle as Pattern I, Pattern II, and Pattern III. The ratio of each Pattern in adult cadaveric samples was compared between demographic populations.
Results:
The proportion of Pattern I, Pattern II, and Pattern III of the EHL muscle was 30.43, 63.77, and 5.80%, respectively, further divided into 18.00 vs. 36.04%, 72.00 vs. 60.47%, 10.00 vs. 3.49% in Jeju islanders vs. peninsular Koreans. There was a considerable difference in the insertion patterns of the EHL muscle in each regional group (p = 0.032), but not in each gender, age, and body sides of lower limbs.
Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicate that there was a higher incidence of the accessory tendon(s) of the EHL muscle in Koreans and the distributed insertion patterns of the EHL muscle was significantly different between Jeju islanders and peninsular Koreans.
