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Mass Spectrometric Approaches to Study Protein Structure and Interactions in Lyophilized Powders

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Hot stage microscopy and its applications in pharmaceutical characterization.

Arun Kumar¹, Pritam Singh¹, Arun Nanda²

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.

Applied Microscopy

|February 13, 2021

Summary

Hot stage microscopy (HSM) is a valuable thermal analysis technique for pharmaceutical research. It aids in characterizing physical and chemical properties, complementing other methods for comprehensive solid-state analysis.

Keywords:

HSM Hot stage microscopy Thermal microscopy Thermo-optical microscopy

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Analytical Chemistry
Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

Hot stage microscopy (HSM) is emerging as a key thermal analysis technique.
It integrates thermal analysis with microscopy for detailed sample examination.
HSM is increasingly adopted in pharmaceuticals and other scientific fields.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the utility of HSM in pharmaceutical characterization.
To demonstrate HSM's ability to detect subtle sample changes missed by other techniques.
To showcase HSM's application in studying various solid-state properties.

Main Methods:

Utilizing hot stage microscopy (HSM) for thermal analysis.
Employing HSM to investigate sample morphology, crystallinity, polymorphism, desolvation, miscibility, melting, and transitions.
Integrating HSM with complementary techniques like differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Main Results:

HSM effectively supports and enhances observations from DSC and TGA.
It enables the study of diverse physical and chemical properties, including polymorphism and solid-state transitions.
HSM is instrumental in screening cocrystals, excipients, and polymers for solid dispersions.

Conclusions:

HSM is a powerful tool for comprehensive solid-state characterization in pharmaceuticals.
Combining HSM with other analytical techniques offers significant advantages for rapid and thorough analysis.
The versatility of HSM makes it indispensable for modern materials and pharmaceutical research.