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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

10.0K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Tick Microbiome Characterization by Next-Generation 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing
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Host infection and community composition predict vector burden.

Jordan Salomon1, Alexandra Lawrence2, Arielle Crews3

  • 1Department of Veterinary Integrated Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. jsalomon@mail.sfsu.edu.

Oecologia
|February 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tick burdens on rodent hosts, key to Lyme disease transmission, are influenced by predator diversity and tick abundance. Infected rodents often carry more ticks, impacting pathogen spread.

Keywords:
BiodiversityBorrelia burgdorferiIxodes pacificusPredatorsZoonotic disease

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Epidemiology
  • Vector-borne disease research

Background:

  • Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, is a significant vector-borne illness in the US.
  • Rodent reservoirs (deer mice, woodrats) and western black-legged ticks (Ixodes pacificus) are crucial for Lyme disease dynamics.
  • Understanding tick burdens on hosts is vital for assessing Lyme disease risk and transmission amplification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how community factors influence Ixodes pacificus larval burdens on rodent reservoirs.
  • To empirically measure tick burdens as a function of rodent diversity, predator diversity, and questing tick abundance.
  • To explore the relationship between Borrelia burgdorferi infection and tick burdens on hosts.

Main Methods:

  • Live trapping of rodents in oak woodland habitats to collect tick burdens and tissue samples.
  • Testing rodent tissue samples for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection.
  • Analyzing tick burdens in relation to rodent diversity, predator diversity, and questing tick abundance.

Main Results:

  • Dusky-footed woodrat (Neotoma fuscipes) tick burdens showed a negative correlation with predator diversity.
  • Tick burdens were positively correlated with the abundance of questing Ixodes pacificus larvae.
  • Rodent hosts infected with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato exhibited higher larval tick burdens.

Conclusions:

  • Tick burdens on key rodent reservoirs are influenced by individual, species, and community-level factors.
  • Variability in tick burdens has significant implications for the transmission and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens like Lyme disease.
  • Community ecology plays a critical role in shaping the dynamics of Lyme disease transmission.