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Updated: Nov 17, 2025
Animal Model of Implant-Associated Infections in Mice
Published on: June 27, 2025
Interaction of implant infection-related commensal bacteria with mesenchymal stem cells: a comparison between
Taghrid S El-Mahdy1,2,3, Céline Mongaret2,4,5, Jennifer Varin-Simon2
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract:
Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes are involved in several tissue infections and can encounter mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during their role in tissue regenerative process. C. acnes and S. aureus internalization by three types of MSCs derived from bone marrow, dental pulp and Wharton's jelly; and bacterial biofilm production were compared. Internalization rates ranged between 1.7-6.3% and 0.8-2.7% for C. acnes and S. aureus, respectively. While C. acnes strains exhibited limited cytotoxic effect on MSCs, S. aureus were more virulent with marked effect starting after only 3 h of interaction. Both bacteria were able to produce biofilms with respectively aggregated and monolayered structures for C. acnes and S. aureus. The increase in C. acnes capacity to develop biofilm following MSCs' internalization was not linked to the significant increase in number of live bacteria, except for bone marrow-MSCs/C. acnes CIP 53.117 with 79% live bacteria compared to the 36% before internalization. On the other hand, internalization of S. aureus had no impact on its ability to form biofilms composed mainly of living bacteria. The present study underlined the complexity of MSCs-bacteria cross-interaction and brought insights into understanding the MSCs behavior in response to bacterial infection in tissue regeneration context.
Insights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) interact with Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes during tissue repair. S. aureus is more cytotoxic to MSCs than C. acnes, impacting biofilm formation differently.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Stem Cell Biology
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes are implicated in tissue infections.
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a role in tissue regeneration and may encounter these bacteria.
- Understanding MSC-bacteria interactions is crucial for regenerative medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the internalization of C. acnes and S. aureus by different MSC types.
- To evaluate the impact of internalization on bacterial biofilm production.
- To assess the cytotoxic effects of these bacteria on MSCs.
Main Methods:
- Three types of MSCs (bone marrow, dental pulp, Wharton's jelly) were used.
- Internalization rates of C. acnes and S. aureus were quantified.
- Bacterial biofilm production and bacterial viability post-internalization were analyzed.
- Cytotoxicity of bacteria on MSCs was assessed over time.
Main Results:
- Internalization rates were higher for C. acnes (1.7-6.3%) than S. aureus (0.8-2.7%).
- S. aureus exhibited greater cytotoxicity to MSCs compared to C. acnes.
- Both bacteria formed biofilms, with C. acnes forming aggregated and S. aureus forming monolayered structures.
- MSC internalization influenced C. acnes biofilm formation, but not significantly S. aureus biofilm formation.
Conclusions:
- MSC-bacteria interactions are complex and context-dependent.
- S. aureus poses a greater immediate threat to MSCs than C. acnes.
- These findings provide insights into MSC behavior during infection in tissue regeneration.
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