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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

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Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

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β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
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Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Sacubitril-valsartan treatment is associated with decrease in central apneas in patients with heart failure with

Claudio Passino1, Paolo Sciarrone2, Giuseppe Vergaro2

  • 1Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.

International Journal of Cardiology
|February 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Sacubitril-valsartan significantly reduced sleep apnea burden in heart failure patients. This treatment improved central sleep apnea events more than obstructive ones.

Keywords:
Central apneasHeart failureObstructive apneasSacubitril-valsartan

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is often associated with sleep-disordered breathing.
  • The impact of novel heart failure therapies on apneic burden is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of sacubitril-valsartan on sleep apnea severity in patients with HFrEF.
  • To assess changes in apneic burden after switching from ACE inhibitors/ARBs to sacubitril-valsartan.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective enrollment of 51 stable HFrEF patients switching to sacubitril-valsartan.
  • Comprehensive assessments including echocardiography, 24-h cardiorespiratory monitoring, and neurohormonal evaluation at baseline and 6 months.

Main Results:

  • Sacubitril-valsartan improved left ventricular function, functional capacity, and ventilatory efficiency.
  • The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) significantly decreased overall, during daytime, and at nighttime.
  • A notable reduction in central sleep apnea events was observed, while obstructive events showed improvement primarily during the daytime.

Conclusions:

  • Sacubitril-valsartan effectively reduces sleep apnea burden in HFrEF patients.
  • The drug demonstrates a more pronounced effect on central sleep apneas compared to obstructive ones.