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Point-of-care diagnostics for infectious diseases: From methods to devices.

Chao Wang1,2, Mei Liu1,3, Zhifei Wang3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.

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|February 15, 2021
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Summary

Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are crucial for managing infectious diseases like COVID-19. This review summarizes POC detection methods and devices, highlighting advancements and future directions for pandemic control.

Keywords:
BiosensorCOVID-19DeviceInfectious diseasePoint-of-care

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Diagnostic Technologies
  • Infectious Disease Management

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the need for rapid, on-site diagnostic solutions.
  • Traditional diagnostic methods are often time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics offer faster, more efficient, and accessible testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various POC detection methods for infectious diseases.
  • To discuss recent advancements in POC diagnostic devices.
  • To identify challenges and future perspectives in POC diagnostics development.

Main Methods:

  • Summarized electrochemical, fluorescence, SERS, colorimetric, chemiluminescence, SPR, and magnetic biosensors.
  • Discussed lab-on-a-chip (LOC), lab-on-a-disc (LOAD), microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), lateral flow devices, miniaturized PCR, and isothermal nucleic acid amplification (INAA) devices.
  • Synthesized information on technological progress and challenges in POC diagnostics.

Main Results:

  • Detailed various POC detection principles and their applications.
  • Highlighted the integration of microfluidics, MEMS, nanotechnology, and materials science in POC device development.
  • Presented a comprehensive overview of current POC technologies and their potential.

Conclusions:

  • POC diagnostics are vital for timely infectious disease management and pandemic control.
  • Continued innovation in detection methods and devices is essential.
  • This review provides insights for advancing POC diagnostics to combat infectious diseases.