Adipose-derived stem cells: Pathophysiologic implications vs therapeutic potential in systemic sclerosis.

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Stem Cell Biology
• Dermatology

Background:

• Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a fibrotic connective tissue disorder with cutaneous and organ manifestations.
• Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from white adipose tissue are explored for SSc therapy.
• ADSCs in SSc may have a dual role, potentially exacerbating fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current preclinical and clinical studies on SVF and ADSC use in SSc.
• To investigate the potential dual role of ADSCs in SSc pathogenesis.
• To compare SSc-ADSCs with healthy ADSCs regarding therapeutic properties.

Main Methods:

• Review of preclinical and clinical studies on SVF and ADSC therapy for SSc.
• Analysis of literature on ADSC phenotype and function in SSc.
• Evaluation of ADSC involvement in SSc-related fibrosis.

Main Results:

• Preclinical and clinical studies show therapeutic potential of fat grafting and SVF/ADSC local treatments for SSc.
• Emerging data suggest SSc-ADSCs may possess a pro-fibrotic and anti-adipogenic phenotype.
• ADSCs might contribute to SSc fibrosis via adipocyte-to-myofibroblast transition.

Conclusions:

• ADSCs present a potential double-edged sword in SSc treatment.
• Further research is crucial to understand SSc-ADSC phenotype and function compared to healthy ADSCs.
• Clarifying the dual role of ADSCs is essential for optimizing their therapeutic application in SSc.