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Development and Evaluation of 3D-Printed Cardiovascular Phantoms for Interventional Planning and Training
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Accessing 3D Printed Vascular Phantoms for Procedural Simulation.

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  • 13dMedLab, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.

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Summary

This study presents a low-cost method for creating patient-specific 3D printed vascular phantoms using CT angiography. These 3D printed models aid in simulating complex endovascular procedures and improving surgical planning.

Keywords:
3D printingAAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm)EVARFEVARangiographyfluoroscopysimulationvascular phantom

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • 3D Printing Technology

Background:

  • Patient-specific 3D printed vascular phantoms offer enhanced anatomical visualization for complex endovascular procedures.
  • Limited exposure to 3D printing technology hinders its adoption in clinical practice.
  • A need exists for accessible, cost-effective methods to produce these valuable anatomical models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a guide for creating patient-specific 3D vascular models using routine CT angiography, open-source software, and various 3D printing technologies.
  • To demonstrate the utility of these models in simulating endovascular procedures, particularly for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAAs).
  • To assess the material suitability and cost-effectiveness of different 3D printing technologies for vascular phantom production.

Main Methods:

  • CT angiograms were utilized to generate patient-specific 3D models of vascular anatomy.
  • Various 3D printing technologies were employed to fabricate physical vascular phantoms.
  • The cost and production time for the 3D printed phantoms were evaluated, ranging from $20-$1,000 and 12-48 hours.

Main Results:

  • 3D printed AAA phantoms proved valuable for simulating complex cases, including challenging neck anatomies and fenestration planning.
  • Hollow, flexible models facilitated device selection and planning for fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (fEVAR).
  • These models demonstrated utility in patient education, engagement, and anatomical training for medical professionals.

Conclusions:

  • Inexpensive 3D printed vascular phantoms can effectively replicate procedural challenges in endovascular surgery.
  • Despite current material limitations, these phantoms offer significant benefits for planning and education.
  • Advancements in 3D printing technology hold the potential to revolutionize endovascular procedure planning and training.