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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

788
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
788
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

641
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
641
Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
55.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
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Central auditory processing and listening effort in normal-hearing children: a pilot study.

Maya Danneels1, Sofie Degeest1, Ingeborg Dhooge2,3

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

International Journal of Audiology
|February 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Listening effort in children is linked to auditory processing skills. This finding suggests that assessing listening effort could improve the diagnosis of auditory processing disorders.

Keywords:
Auditory processing disorderdiagnostic audiologydual-tasklistening effortpaediatric audiology

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Standard auditory processing tests may not fully capture listening challenges in noisy environments.
  • Understanding listening effort is crucial for children's speech comprehension in everyday situations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between central auditory processing abilities and listening effort in normal-hearing children.
  • To explore the practical implications of incorporating listening effort assessment into diagnostic protocols.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 35 normal-hearing children (6-11 years old) underwent audiological evaluations.
  • Auditory processing skills were assessed using the Frequency Pattern Test, Staggered Spondaic Word Test (SSWT), and Dichotic Digits Test (DDT).
  • Listening effort was measured using a dual-task paradigm combining speech recognition in noise with a visuospatial memory task.

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were found between listening effort and specific components of the SSWT and DDT.
  • Listening effort demonstrated a significant age effect, particularly in the most favorable Signal-To-Noise Ratio condition.
  • These findings highlight the interplay between auditory processing efficiency and the cognitive resources required for listening.

Conclusions:

  • Listening effort assessment offers valuable insights beyond traditional auditory processing tests.
  • Integrating listening effort into audiological test batteries may enhance the identification of auditory processing disorders.
  • This research supports a more comprehensive approach to evaluating auditory function in children.