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Hydrogel composite scaffolds with an attenuated immunogenicity component for bone tissue engineering applications.

Chenyuan Gao1,2, Wan Ting Sow2, Yingying Wang3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. China. lihq@wiucas.ac.cn.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|February 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study developed decellularized porcine bone (DCB)-GelMA hybrid scaffolds for bone regeneration. The DCB-GelMA scaffolds demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and promoted significant new bone growth in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Xenogeneic bone offers potential as a template for bone regeneration.
  • Developing biocompatible scaffolds with enhanced mechanical properties is crucial for bone tissue engineering.
  • Decellularized bone materials can reduce immunogenicity while retaining structural integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and evaluate decellularized porcine bone (DCB)-GelMA hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
  • To assess the mechanical properties, in vitro biocompatibility, and osteogenic potential of DCB-GelMA scaffolds.
  • To investigate the in vivo efficacy of DCB-GelMA scaffolds in promoting cranial bone regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Decellularized porcine bone powder was incorporated into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel.
  • Mechanical properties (compressive strength, stiffness) of hybrid scaffolds were tested.
  • In vitro biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were evaluated.
  • In vivo efficacy was assessed using a rat cranial bone defect model, with Micro-CT analysis.

Main Results:

  • DCB-GelMA hybrid scaffolds exhibited increased compressive strength and stiffness with higher DCB content.
  • Scaffolds demonstrated good in vitro biocompatibility.
  • The scaffolds successfully induced osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs without induction medium.
  • Hybrid scaffolds with 20% DCB showed the most effective new bone regeneration in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • DCB-GelMA hybrid scaffolds possess favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility.
  • These scaffolds effectively promote osteogenic differentiation and in vivo bone regeneration.
  • DCB-GelMA hybrid scaffolds show significant potential for bone tissue engineering applications.