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Structure and elemental composition of Ceftriaxone induced pediatric nephrolithiasis
Yuan Du1, Misun Kang2, Jorge Mena3
1Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
Urolithiasis
|February 15, 2021
Summary
Ceftriaxone antibiotic can form urinary stones in children. These stones, primarily ceftriaxone calcium salt, form quickly but are fragile, though they become insoluble when combined with calcium phosphate.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Crystallography
Background:
- Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic frequently used in pediatric patients, particularly in developing nations, due to its efficacy and once-daily dosing.
- A known adverse effect of ceftriaxone is the formation of insoluble precipitates or stones when it interacts with calcium in the urinary tract.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the microstructure and composition of ceftriaxone-induced urinary sludge and stones collected from pediatric patients.
- To elucidate the formation mechanism of ceftriaxone-induced urinary stones.
Main Methods:
- Collection and analysis of ceftriaxone-induced sludge/stones from pediatric patients.
- Microstructural and compositional analysis of the collected samples.
Main Results:
- Ceftriaxone-induced stones were observed to form rapidly after antibiotic administration.
- Ceftriaxone calcium salt crystals were found to be fragile and easily breakable.
- The combination of ceftriaxone and calcium phosphate resulted in the formation of an insoluble stone aggregate.
Conclusions:
- Ceftriaxone-induced urinary stone formation in pediatric patients is a rapid process.
- The composition of the stone, particularly the presence of calcium phosphate, influences its insolubility and aggregation.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing and preventing ceftriaxone-associated nephrolithiasis in children.
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