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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Large-Scale SARS-CoV-2 Testing Utilizing Saliva and Transposition Sample Pooling
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Implementation of Drive-Through Testing for COVID-19 With Community Paramedics.

S Tyler Constantine1, David Callaway1, Jeremy N Driscoll1

  • 1Atrium Health's Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
|February 16, 2021
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Summary

Mobile integrated health and community paramedicine (MIH/CP) testing sites provided rapid COVID-19 screening and testing. These sites evaluated 4342 patients, with 9.2% testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords:
COVID-19community paramedicinedrive-through testingmobile integrated healthpandemic

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Community Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated agile and accessible testing strategies.
  • Traditional healthcare settings posed risks of exposure for both patients and healthcare workers.
  • Mobile Integrated Health and Community Paramedicine (MIH/CP) models offer flexible solutions for public health crises.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on the implementation and deployment of MIH/CP testing sites for COVID-19 screening and testing.
  • To assess the effectiveness of MIH/CP in providing community outreach and testing during the early pandemic.
  • To analyze patient demographics and positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rates from MIH/CP testing sites.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive report detailing the implementation of MIH/CP test sites within a healthcare system's early COVID-19 response.
  • Retrospective data collection on patient numbers and demographics from March 15, 2020, to April 15, 2020.
  • No statistical analysis was performed; data presented as raw findings.

Main Results:

  • Six MIH/CP test sites evaluated 4342 patients, with 401 (9.2%) testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.
  • Among positive cases, 62.8% were women; patient encounters averaged 3-5 minutes.
  • Paramedics successfully conducted brief assessments, and no personal protective equipment failures or accidental exposures occurred.

Conclusions:

  • The traditional MIH/CP model was adapted to establish rapid, remote drive-through COVID-19 testing.
  • This approach enabled testing of suspected COVID-19 patients outside traditional healthcare facilities, mitigating exposure risks.
  • The MIH/CP model demonstrated scalability and flexibility for future public health emergencies.