Self-stabilization of neuronal networks. II. Stability conditions for synaptogenesis

This study is concerned with synaptic reorganization in local neuronal networks. Within networks of 30 neurons, an initial disequilibrium in connectivity has to be compensated by reorganization of synapses. Such plasticity is not a genetically determined process, but depends on results of neuronal interaction. Neurobiological experiments have lead to a model of the behavior of individual neurons during neuroplastic reorganization, formalized as a "synaptogenetic rule" that governs changes in the amount of synaptic elements on each neuron. When this synaptogenetic rule is applied to a system of neurons, there is some freedom left to the choice of further conditions. In this study it is examined, which assumptions additional to the synaptogenetic rule are essential in order to obtain morphogenetic stability. By explicating these assumptions, their plausibility can be tested. It is analysed, in which respect these conditions are important, in which part of the model they exert their influence, and what kind of instability and degeneration happens if the assumptions are violated. Our essentials for reaching morphogenetic stability are: (1) A network structure that guarantees the possibility of oscillations, (2) a compensation algorithm that guarantees a smooth morphogenesis, (3) kinetic parameters that guarantee convergence in the synaptic elements' change, and (4) a synaptic modification rule that prohibits Hebb-like as well as anti-Hebb-like synaptic changes. It is concluded that many structural features of the mammalian cerebral cortex are in accordance with the requirements of the model.