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Related Concept Videos

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Grignard reagents are one of the most commonly used reagents used to synthesize alcohols from carbonyl compounds. Grignard reagents are organomagnesium halides with a highly polar carbon–magnesium bond. Due to the partial ionic nature of the C–Mg bond, the carbon functions as a strong nucleophile and attacks electrophiles like carbonyl carbon.
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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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GRAPPA 2019 Research Recipient Awards Report.

Arthur Kavanaugh1, Alla Ishchenko1, Rik J Lories1

  • 1As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.

The Journal of Rheumatology
|February 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored metabolomics for diagnosing and tracking psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Another study investigated CCR6 and CCL20 as potential therapeutic targets for psoriatic arthritis.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Rheumatology research.
  • Biomedical science and translational research.

Background:

  • Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are chronic inflammatory conditions.
  • Understanding disease mechanisms and identifying biomarkers are crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize key findings from GRAPPA 2019 award recipients.
  • To highlight research on metabolomics in psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis.
  • To present preclinical analysis of potential therapeutic targets in psoriatic arthritis.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective pilot study utilizing metabolomics for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
  • Preclinical investigation of CCR6 and CCL20 in mouse and human joints.

Main Results:

  • Metabolomics data were analyzed for diagnostic and prognostic value in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
  • CCR6 and CCL20 were evaluated as potential therapeutic targets in psoriatic arthritis models.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolomics shows promise in diagnosing and monitoring psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
  • CCR6 and CCL20 represent potential targets for future psoriatic arthritis therapies.