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Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Combined DNA-RNA Fluorescent In situ Hybridization FISH to Study X Chromosome Inactivation in Differentiated Female Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Published on: June 14, 2014
[Latest insights on X-chromosome inactivation: When general principles should be revisited]
Madeleine Moscatelli1, Claire Rougeulle1
1Université de Paris, Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
Abstract:
The inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes of female mammals is a vital process and a paradigm for epigenetic regulations. X-inactivation is triggered, early during embryo development, by the accumulation of a peculiar noncoding RNA, XIST, which interacts with a plethora of molecular complexes and ultimately protects the coated chromosome from the expression machinery. Once installed, the inactive state is locked by multiple layers of chromatin modifications, ensuring its stable perpetuation across cell divisions. However, recent discoveries made in various model organisms urge us to revisit some of the general principles of the X-inactivation process.
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