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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

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The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Structural and Functional Brain Changes in Migraine.

Sait Ashina1,2, Enrico Bentivegna3, Paolo Martelletti3,4

  • 1Department of Neurology and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, BIDMC Comprehensive Headache Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. sashina@bidmc.harvard.edu.

Pain and Therapy
|February 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Migraine is linked to brain changes like white matter abnormalities and altered connectivity. Understanding these neuroimaging findings could improve migraine diagnosis and targeted therapies.

Keywords:
BrainFunctionalMRIMigraineNeuroimagingPETSpectroscopyStructural

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Migraine is a common primary headache disorder.
  • Often considered benign, migraine is increasingly associated with brain alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neuroimaging studies characterizing brain changes in migraine patients.
  • To discuss limitations of current research and potential therapeutic implications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of structural and functional neuroimaging studies (MRI, PET).
  • Analysis of white matter abnormalities, silent lesions, volumetric changes, and functional connectivity.
  • Examination of metabolic changes using MR spectroscopy and PET.

Main Results:

  • Consistent evidence of white matter abnormalities, silent infarct-like lesions, and gray/white matter volume changes in migraineurs.
  • Altered brain connectivity observed during both interictal and ictal phases.
  • Indications of abnormal energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroimaging reveals significant structural and functional brain alterations in migraine.
  • Limitations include small sample sizes and inadequate control groups.
  • Further research can enhance migraine diagnosis and guide targeted treatment strategies.