Contemporary management of advanced prostate cancer: an evolving landscape

Abhinav Khanna1, Luke P O'Connor1, Prithvi B Murthy1

  • 1Glickman Urologic and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Insights

Advanced and metastatic prostate cancer incidence is rising, prompting new treatments. This review offers clinicians a guide to the latest pharmaceutical and diagnostic advancements for managing advanced prostate cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Population-based studies indicate a potential increase in advanced and metastatic prostate cancer incidence.
  • This trend coincides with significant advancements in treatment options for advanced prostate cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a clinical primer on managing advanced prostate cancer.
  • To review recent developments in pharmaceuticals and diagnostics for advanced prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent population-based studies.
  • Overview of novel pharmaceutical approvals and diagnostic tool evolution.

Main Results:

  • Eight novel agents have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in the past decade.
  • Rapid advancements in diagnostic tools for prostate cancer have emerged.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians require updated knowledge to manage the rising incidence of advanced prostate cancer.
  • The review serves as a guide for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and urologists treating advanced prostate cancer.

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
84
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.1K
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
131
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
3.7K
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.5K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.6K