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Bulleidia extructa: An underappreciated anaerobic pathogen.

Margie A Morgan1, Ellie Jc Goldstein2

  • 1Microbiology Laboratory, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.

Anaerobe
|February 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Bulleidia extructa, a rare oral bacterium, can cause infections like abscesses and joint issues. Identification requires advanced methods due to its slow growth in cultures.

Keywords:
AnaerobesBulleidia extructaDental prophylaxisProsthetic joint infection

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Oral Microbiome

Background:

  • Bulleidia extructa is a rarely identified anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium.
  • It primarily resides in oral and gastroenterological environments.
  • This bacterium presents diagnostic challenges due to slow in-vitro growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges associated with Bulleidia extructa.
  • To review the clinical significance and isolation difficulties of this bacterium.
  • To emphasize the need for advanced identification techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Bulleidia extructa cases.
  • Discussion of identification techniques including 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • Mention of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for identification.

Main Results:

  • Bulleidia extructa is difficult to culture and identify.
  • It is frequently isolated from oral infections such as gingivitis, periodontitis, and abscesses.
  • Cases of prosthetic joint hip infections linked to unprophylaxed dental procedures have been reported.

Conclusions:

  • Bulleidia extructa is an emerging pathogen requiring specialized identification.
  • Its association with diverse infections, including deep-seated ones, warrants clinical attention.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies are crucial for timely recognition and management.