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Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
Published on: March 25, 2022
Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage in Patients Undergoing Antithrombotic Therapy
Nozomi Okuno1, Kazuo Hara1, Nobumasa Mizuno1
1Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
Insights
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has a low bleeding risk, even for patients on antithrombotic therapy. This study found no significant difference in bleeding events between patients receiving and not receiving antithrombotic agents during EUS-BD.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Interventional Endoscopy
- Oncology
Background:
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society (JGES) guidelines classify endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) as high-risk.
- The bleeding risk of EUS-BD in patients on antithrombotic therapy remains uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the bleeding risk of EUS-BD in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy.
- To compare bleeding event rates between patients receiving and not receiving antithrombotic agents during EUS-BD.
Main Methods:
- Single-center retrospective study of 220 patients undergoing EUS-BD (January 2013 - December 2018).
- Antithrombotic agent management followed JGES guidelines.
- Bleeding event rates were compared between antithrombotic and non-antithrombotic groups.
Main Results:
- Overall bleeding event rate was 1.3% (3/220).
- One bleeding event (5.5%) occurred in the antithrombotic group (18 patients); two (0.9%) in the non-antithrombotic group (202 patients) (p=0.10).
- All bleeding events were moderate; one thromboembolic event (cerebral infarction) occurred in the non-antithrombotic group.
Conclusions:
- EUS-BD-related bleeding events occurred at a low rate.
- Bleeding event rates in patients on antithrombotic therapy were not significantly different from those not on antithrombotic therapy.
Background/Aims:
The Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society (JGES) has published guidelines for gastroenterological endoscopy in patients undergoing antithrombotic treatment. These guidelines classify endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) as a high-risk procedure. Nevertheless, the bleeding risk of EUS-BD in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy is uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the bleeding risk in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy.
Methods:
This single-center retrospective study included 220 consecutive patients who underwent EUS-BD between January 2013 and December 2018. We managed the withdrawal and continuation of antithrombotic agents according to the JGES guidelines. We compared the bleeding event rates among patients who received and those who did not receive antithrombotic agents.
Results:
A total of 18 patients (8.1%) received antithrombotic agents and 202 patients (91.8%) did not. Three patients experienced bleeding events, with an overall bleeding event rate of 1.3% (3/220): one patient was in the antithrombotic group (5.5%) and two patients were in the non-antithrombotic group (0.9%) (p=0.10). All cases were moderate. The sole thromboembolic event (0.4%) was a cerebral infarction in a patient in the non-antithrombotic group.
Conclusion:
The rate of EUS-BD-related bleeding events was low. Even in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy, the bleeding event rates were not significantly different from those in patients not receiving antithrombotic therapy.
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