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Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are techniques that use antibodies to check for specific proteins or antigens in a sample. The technique was first published by Albert Coons in 1941 to detect the presence of pneumococcal antigen in tissue sections from mice infected with Pneumococcus. Immunocytochemistry helps localization of proteins or antigens in individual cells like blood cells, stem cells, etc., while immunohistochemistry does the same for tissue samples.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Determination of Protein Expression Level in Cultured Cells by Immunocytochemistry on Paraffin-embedded Cell Blocks

Determination of Protein Expression Level in Cultured Cells by Immunocytochemistry on Paraffin-embedded Cell Blocks

Published on: May 20, 2018

Cell-blocks and immunohistochemistry.

Vinod B Shidham¹, Lester J Layfield²

¹Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Center and Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA.

|February 18, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Standardizing cell-block processing for immunohistochemistry (IHC) is crucial for accurate interpretation. Proper protocols ensure reliable diagnostic immunoreactivity, especially with advanced techniques like multiplex IHC and rabbit monoclonal antibodies.

Keywords:

CMAS Cell block Cell-block Cellblock IHC Immunohistochemistry Monograph SCIP approach SOCP NextGen CelBloking Shidham method Standard optimum cell-block protocol Subtractive coordinate immunoreactivity pattern

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Last Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Determination of Protein Expression Level in Cultured Cells by Immunocytochemistry on Paraffin-embedded Cell Blocks

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Published on: May 20, 2018

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Cell Block Preparation from Cytology Specimen with Predominance of Individually Scattered Cells

Cell Block Preparation from Cytology Specimen with Predominance of Individually Scattered Cells

Published on: July 21, 2009

Area of Science:

Pathology
Immunohistochemistry
Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) interpretation relies on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue data.
Cell-block sections require comparable fixation and processing to FFPE tissues for accurate results.
Non-standard protocols can lead to aberrant immunoprofiles and misinterpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of consistent fixation and processing for cell-block immunohistochemistry.
To discuss challenges in evaluating scant cell-block material and coordinate immunostaining patterns.
To introduce methodologies that improve cell-block preparation and IHC analysis.

Main Methods:

Comparison of cell-block immunostaining with FFPE tissue data.
Discussion of standardized vs. non-standard fixation and processing protocols.
Introduction of NextGen CelBlocking™ (NGCB) kits and the subtractive coordinate immunoreactivity pattern (SCIP) approach.

Main Results:

Non-formalin fixatives or reagents can interfere with diagnostic immunoreactivity.
Scant diagnostic material and lack of orientation in cell-blocks pose evaluation challenges.
NGCB kits facilitate standardized cell-block preparation and SCIP application for improved analysis.

Conclusions:

Consistent processing protocols are essential for reliable cell-block IHC interpretation.
Advanced techniques like multiplex IHC and rabbit monoclonal antibodies enhance diagnostic capabilities.
Dedicated methodologies such as NGCB kits and SCIP approach address cell-block specific challenges.