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What should we tell parents? Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Francesca M Russo1,2, Anne Debeer2,3, Paolo De Coppi4,5

  • 1Clinical Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Prenatal Diagnosis
|February 18, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a defect causing abdominal organs to enter the chest, impacting lung development. Prenatal diagnosis via ultrasound is common, necessitating expert counseling for expecting parents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) involves a defect in the diaphragm, leading to herniation of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity.
  • This condition significantly disrupts fetal lung development and poses a critical risk to neonatal survival.
  • Prenatal diagnosis is crucial for timely intervention and management planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the prenatal diagnosis of CDH.
  • To outline best practices for the postnatal management of infants with CDH.
  • To emphasize key information for prenatal counseling of expectant parents.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on CDH diagnosis and management.
  • Analysis of data from prenatal ultrasound findings.
  • Synthesis of recommendations from multidisciplinary expert teams.

Main Results:

  • Two-thirds of CDH cases are detected via second-trimester prenatal ultrasound.
  • Referral to a tertiary center is recommended for accurate prognosis assessment.
  • Multidisciplinary team involvement is essential for comprehensive care.

Conclusions:

  • Early and accurate prenatal diagnosis of CDH is critical.
  • Informed prenatal counseling by experienced teams improves outcomes for affected families.
  • Standardized postnatal management protocols are vital for improving infant survival rates.

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