Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

856
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
856
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

5.3K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
5.3K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

8.1K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.1K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

6.0K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
6.0K
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

346
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
346

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A phase I/II trial of Erlotinib in higher risk myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia after azacitidine failure.

Leukemia research·2014
Same author

Restoration of CFTR function in patients with cystic fibrosis carrying the F508del-CFTR mutation.

Autophagy·2014
Same author

Cancer cell-autonomous contribution of type I interferon signaling to the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Nature medicine·2014
Same author

Entosis, a key player in cancer cell competition.

Cell research·2014
Same author

Cytokines reinstate NK cell-mediated cancer immunosurveillance.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2014
Same author

Cell biology. Metabolic control of cell death.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

818

Immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Guido Kroemer1,2,3,4,5, Laurence Zitvogel4,6,7,8,9

  • 1Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|February 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Pioneering research on cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) revealed their roles in immune suppression. These findings established the foundation for modern cancer immunotherapy.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
09:04

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

1.0K
Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood
06:07

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

6.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

818
Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
09:04

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

1.0K
Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood
06:07

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

6.0K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Biomedical Research

Background:

  • Immune checkpoints, such as CTLA-4 and PD-1, play critical roles in regulating immune responses.
  • Understanding these checkpoints is crucial for developing strategies to overcome cancer-induced immunosuppression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the function of CTLA-4 and PD-1 in immune suppression.
  • To lay the groundwork for novel cancer immunotherapy approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of immune cell interactions and signaling pathways.
  • Investigation of T-cell mediated immune responses in preclinical models.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that CTLA-4 and PD-1 act as key regulators of T-cell activity, contributing to immune tolerance.
  • Identified these molecules as critical targets for modulating the anti-tumor immune response.

Conclusions:

  • The seminal work on CTLA-4 and PD-1 provided fundamental insights into cancer immune evasion mechanisms.
  • These discoveries paved the way for the development of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies, revolutionizing cancer treatment.