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Metastasis

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

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Updated: Nov 17, 2025

A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis

A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis

Published on: March 8, 2022

Emerging paradigms in metastasis research.

Ashik Ahmed Abdul Pari^1,2,3, Mahak Singhal^1,2, Hellmut G Augustin^1,2

¹Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

|February 18, 2021

Summary

Developing effective metastatic disease therapies requires a paradigm shift. Understanding metastasis as a dynamic process, not just primary tumor shrinkage, reveals new therapeutic targets for improved patient survival.

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Discovery of Metastatic Regulators using a Rapid and Quantitative Intravital Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model

Discovery of Metastatic Regulators using a Rapid and Quantitative Intravital Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model

Published on: February 3, 2021

Area of Science:

Oncology
Cancer Metastasis Research

Background:

Current metastatic disease therapies primarily focus on primary tumor shrinkage.
Limited efficacy of primary tumor-centric strategies is due to intrinsic and extrinsic differences between primary tumors and metastases.

Purpose of the Study:

To shift the paradigm in preclinical metastasis research by viewing metastasis as a dynamic, spatiotemporal process.
To identify rate-limiting vulnerabilities within the metastatic cascade for novel therapeutic development.
To propose a framework for mechanism-based discovery research to advance translational oncology.

Main Methods:

Review of recent developments in metastasis research.
Holistic analysis of the spatial and temporal progression of metastasis.
Identification of challenges and opportunities in metastasis research.

Main Results:

Current therapeutic strategies for metastatic disease have limited efficacy due to tumor heterogeneity.
Understanding earlier steps of metastasis, beyond colonization, can reveal novel therapeutic targets.
A holistic, spatiotemporal approach is crucial for advancing metastasis research.

Conclusions:

A paradigm shift towards understanding metastasis as a dynamic cascade is essential for developing effective therapies.
Targeting earlier steps in metastasis, alongside colonization, offers potential for novel treatments.
A proposed framework can accelerate mechanism-based research for translational application in oncology.