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Cortical myelin content mediates differences in affective temperaments.

Yidan Qiu1, Shenglin She2, Shufei Zhang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|February 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperaments are linked to cortical myelin content in the human brain, suggesting a neurobiological basis for these affective traits.

Keywords:
Affective temperamentCortical myelin content (CMC)CyclothymicHyperthymicmental disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Affective temperaments are subclinical precursors to mental disorders.
  • Cortical myelination is crucial for neurodevelopment and cognitive function.
  • The relationship between affective temperaments and myelin plasticity is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between affective temperaments and cortical myelin content (CMC).
  • To explore the neurobiological underpinnings of affective temperaments.

Main Methods:

  • 106 healthy adults completed the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A).
  • Cortical myelin content (CMC) was assessed using the T1- to T2-weighted image ratio.
  • K-means clustering identified heavily, intermediately, and lightly myelinated cortical regions.

Main Results:

  • Hyperthymic temperament negatively correlated with CMC in heavily and lightly myelinated regions (e.g., postcentral, precentral, frontal, temporal gyri).
  • Cyclothymic temperament exhibited a parabolic correlation with CMC across myelinated regions in the parietal-temporal areas.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperaments are associated with widespread alterations in cortical myelin content.
  • These findings suggest a neurobiological basis for affective temperaments, potentially aiding in future disorder prediction.