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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Seismology
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Earthquake prediction remains a challenge, with controversial geochemical precursors.
  • Quantitative links between geochemical, geodetical, and seismological data are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between atmospheric radon (222Rn) and diurnal tidal loading.
  • To analyze anomalous radon evolution before the 1995 Kobe earthquake.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 11-year atmospheric radon concentration data.
  • Identification of radon response to diurnal tidal (K1 constituent) loading.
  • Comparison of radon response with crustal strain data.

Main Results:

  • Radon response to K1 tidal loading was identified for 5 years prior to the Kobe earthquake.
  • Radon response efficiency to diurnal tides was 21-33 times greater than to the earthquake.
  • Radon increases occurred during decreased compressional or extensional crustal stress.

Conclusions:

  • Crustal fluid movement, driven by mantle-derived fluid upwelling, influences radon exhalation.
  • Modulation of crustal stress regimes affects soil gas ascent and radon transport.
  • Findings suggest a mechanism linking geochemical changes to earthquake preparation processes.