Non-Invasive Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease by Multiple Abdominal Fat and Anthropometric Indices: Revisit

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Radiology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
• Early detection and risk stratification are crucial for effective management.
• Noninvasive imaging techniques offer potential for improved CAD assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the predictive efficiency of abdominal fat indices measured by ultrasound and anthropometric indices.
• To determine the ability of these indices to predict the presence and severity of CAD.
• To compare the predictive power of various abdominal fat measurements against coronary angiography results.

Main Methods:

• Participants underwent clinical and laboratory assessments.
• Anthropometric measurements and ultrasound examinations were performed to measure abdominal fat thickness.
• Coronary angiography using the Judkins technique assessed CAD.
• Statistical analysis, including regression and Odds Ratio (OR), determined associations.

Main Results:

• Posterior right perinephric fat thickness (PRPFT) showed the highest hazard ratio (HR: 12.3) for CAD presence.
• Visceral adipose tissue volume (VAT) (HR: 10.7) and waist circumference (WC) (HR: 6.7) were also significant predictors.
• WC, VFT, VAT, and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were independently associated with CAD severity.

Conclusions:

• Ultrasound-measured posterior perinephric fat thickness and visceral adipose tissue volume are potent noninvasive predictors of CAD.
• Body mass index, waist circumference, and visceral fat thickness also demonstrate significant predictive value.
• These findings support the use of specific abdominal fat indices for noninvasive CAD risk assessment.