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Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease in Central Asian Countries, 1990-2017
Michelle Lui1, Saeid Safiri2,3,4, Alibek Mereke5
1School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Insights
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) poses a high burden in Central Asia (CA), with Uzbekistan experiencing the highest rates globally. Risk factors include poor diet and high blood pressure, with economic factors influencing the increasing IHD burden.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular epidemiology
- Global health
- Public health
Background:
- Ischemic heart disease (IHD) represents a significant global health challenge.
- Limited data exists on the IHD burden within Central Asia (CA), a region comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan.
- This study aims to quantify the IHD burden at regional and national levels in CA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Central Asia (CA).
- To analyze IHD mortality, prevalence, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) across CA countries.
- To identify key risk factors contributing to the IHD burden in the region.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD).
- Analyzed age-adjusted mortality, prevalence, and DALYs for IHD.
- Examined data by sex for the CA region and individual countries from 1990 to 2017.
Main Results:
- The CA region exhibits a higher IHD burden compared to the global average.
- Uzbekistan demonstrates the highest age-standardized IHD mortality and DALY rates, both regionally and globally.
- Armenia consistently shows the lowest IHD burden within the CA region.
- Unhealthy diet, elevated systolic blood pressure, and high LDL-cholesterol are identified as primary risk factors for IHD DALYs.
Conclusions:
- The escalating IHD burden in CA may be linked to the economic crisis of the 1990s.
- Significant variations in IHD DALY rates exist among CA countries.
- Differences in risk factor distribution, healthcare effectiveness, and socioeconomic factors likely contribute to these variations.
Background:
The burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) is high. There is limited information on the burden of IHD in identified high risk areas like Central Asia (CA) which is comprised of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Mongolia, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. This study addresses the burden of IHD in CA at the regional and country levels.
Methods:
Using data from the latest iteration of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD), this study provides age-adjusted mortality, prevalence, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of IHD by sex in the CA region, and national levels for countries in this region from 1990 to 2017.
Results:
The CA region has a higher IHD burden than the rest of the world over the studied period. Amongst the countries within this region, age-standardized mortality and DALY rates in Uzbekistan are the highest not only in CA but worldwide, while Armenia consistently has the lowest IHD burden in CA. Unhealthy diet, high systolic blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol are the risk factors with the highest attributable IHD DALYs.
Conclusion:
Increasing burden of IHD over time in CA can be partially explained by the economic crisis in the 1990s. There is considerable variation in IHD DALY rates among countries in the CA region. The reasons for such differences are likely multifactorial such as differences in risk factors distribution, health care effectiveness, political, social and economic factors.
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