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Circulation of enterovirus A71 during 2019-2020, Marseille, France

Léa Luciani1,2, Aurélie Morand3,4, Christine Zandotti1,2

  • 1Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille University, IRD 190, Inserm 1207), Marseille, France.

Journal of Medical Virology
|February 19, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Enteroviruses A71 (EV-A71) infections in young children, including one case of acute flaccid paralysis, were identified in Marseille. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the circulation of the European subgenogroup C1, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Enteroviruses A71 (EV-A71) are significant pathogens causing severe neurological infections, particularly in children.
  • EV-A71 outbreaks pose a public health concern due to potential neurological complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report and characterize recent cases of EV-A71 infection in Marseille.
  • To determine the genetic lineage of circulating EV-A71 strains.
  • To emphasize the importance of EV-A71 surveillance in enteroviral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis of eight EV-A71 infections diagnosed between 2019 and 2020.
  • Detection of viral RNA using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in fecal and upper respiratory samples.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 and 2C3C coding regions to determine viral subgenogroup.

Main Results:

  • Eight cases of EV-A71 infection were diagnosed in children under 5 years old, including one instance of acute flaccid paralysis.
  • All identified EV-A71 strains belonged to subgenogroup C1, consistent with currently circulating European strains.
  • The detected viruses showed close genetic relationships to other recently identified EV-A71 strains in Europe.

Conclusions:

  • Recent EV-A71 infections in Marseille underscore the continued circulation of this pathogen in the pediatric population.
  • Phylogenetic data confirm the prevalence of the EV-A71 subgenogroup C1 in Europe.
  • Systematic EV-A71 screening during enteroviral infections is crucial for enhancing surveillance networks and understanding transmission patterns.
Keywords:
enterovirusevolutiongenetic variabilitynervous systempathogenesisvirus classification

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