Five-year Outcomes of Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective Multicenter Study

Area of Science:

• Bariatric surgery
• Metabolic and endocrine surgery
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a leading bariatric procedure globally.
• Obesity-related comorbidities significantly impact patient health and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in achieving excess weight loss (%EWL).
• To evaluate the resolution rates of obesity-related comorbidities following SG.
• To identify factors predicting weight loss failure after SG.

Main Methods:

• Prospective cohort study involving 529 adult patients undergoing SG across 7 centers.
• Collection and statistical analysis of demographic, preoperative, and postoperative data.
• Follow-up at 5 years to assess outcomes.

Main Results:

• Mean BMI decreased from 42.9 kg/m² to 32.2 kg/m² at 5 years post-SG (P < .001).
• Mean %EWL reached 63.6% at 5 years.
• Significant reductions observed in dyslipidemia (28.0% to 18.2%), obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) (34.6% to 25.1%), and arterial hypertension (HTN) (30.4% to 21.5%).
• Diabetes and GERD resolution rates were not significant.
• Predictors of weight loss failure included age >50 years, BMI >50 kg/m², and prior laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).

Conclusions:

• Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) demonstrates satisfactory weight loss and significant comorbidity reduction (dyslipidemia, OSAS, HTN) at 5 years.
• Diabetes and GERD did not show significant improvement.
• Advanced age (>50 years), higher BMI (>50 kg/m²), and previous LAGB are independent predictors of poorer weight loss outcomes after SG.