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Is idiopathic mild hyperprolactinemia a cardiovascular risk factor?

A O Koca1, M Dagdeviren1, T Akkan1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
|February 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Arterial stiffness did not increase in young patients with mild hyperprolactinemia. Further research is needed to understand the long-term cardiovascular risks associated with elevated prolactin levels.

Keywords:
Arterial stiffnesscardiovascular riskextra-pituitary prolactinhyperprolactinemia

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are linked to hypertension.
  • The impact of elevated prolactin (PRL) on arterial stiffness is not well understood.
  • Prolactin's role in atherosclerosis is an emerging area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cardiovascular risk prediction in idiopathic hyperprolactinemia.
  • To assess arterial stiffness in patients with elevated prolactin levels.

Main Methods:

  • Compared arterial stiffness and biochemical parameters in 54 patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia and 55 healthy controls.
  • Utilized pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements.
  • Analyzed data from patients and controls with similar age, sex, and BMI.

Main Results:

  • Median prolactin level in patients was 45 ng/mL (age 31).
  • No significant differences in peripheral or central blood pressure or PWV were observed between groups.
  • No correlation found between prolactin levels and blood pressure or arterial stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • Arterial stiffness is not elevated in young patients with idiopathic mild hyperprolactinemia.
  • Long-term cardiovascular effects of mildly elevated prolactin require further investigation.
  • Prospective studies are needed to clarify the prolactin-cardiovascular risk relationship.