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Global Patterns and Trends in Lung Cancer Incidence: A Population-Based Study
Yanting Zhang1, Ganfeng Luo2, Jaione Etxeberria3
1Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Summary
Lung cancer incidence varies globally, with declining trends in men in some nations and increasing trends in women in others. Birth cohort effects significantly influence lung cancer risk, particularly for those born between 1930-1950.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Oncology
- Public Health
Background:
- Lung cancer remains a leading global cancer, necessitating updated analyses of incidence trends.
- Understanding geographic and temporal patterns is crucial for effective cancer control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze lung cancer incidence trends from 1978-2012 across 43 countries.
- To investigate the impact of birth cohorts and time periods on lung cancer rates.
- To identify high-risk populations for targeted prevention efforts.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database.
- Employed joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort models for trend analysis.
Main Results:
- Highest age-standardized rates observed in Turkey (men) and Denmark (women) during 2008-2012.
- Declining incidence in men in 19 countries, increasing in women in 26 countries (1978-2012).
- Significant birth cohort effects identified, with notable increases in recent generations in China, Japan, Lithuania, Belarus, and South Korea.
Conclusions:
- Global lung cancer incidence shows persistent disparities and varying trends by sex and country.
- Findings highlight specific birth cohorts and populations at higher risk, informing primary prevention.
- Further etiological research is needed to explain cohort-specific risk increases.
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