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Pediatric weight management, dietary restraint, dieting, and eating disorder risk: a systematic review

Eve T House1,2, Megan L Gow1,2, Natalie B Lister1,2

  • 1The University of Sydney, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.

Nutrition Reviews
|February 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Dietary restraint and dieting in pediatric weight management do not appear to increase eating disorder risk. These factors should not deter children with obesity from receiving necessary weight management care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • Dietary restraint and dieting are common in pediatric weight management.
  • Their association with eating disorder risk in this population is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review associations between pediatric weight management, dietary restraint, dieting, and eating disorder risk.
  • To determine if current measures are suitable risk markers.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 4 databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO) up to May 2020.
  • Included studies on pediatric weight management interventions with dietary components.
  • Extracted data on dietary restraint, dieting, and eating disorder outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 23 studies (26 papers) were included. Dietary restraint increased or remained unchanged in most studies.
  • Dieting increased, remained unchanged, or decreased in 5 studies.
  • No significant association found between dietary restraint/dieting and increased eating disorder risk; other risk factors also showed improvement or no change.

Conclusions:

  • Current measures of dietary restraint and dieting are not associated with eating disorder risk in pediatric weight management.
  • Long-term data is limited, and current measures may not be suitable risk markers.
  • Concerns about dietary restraint and dieting should not impede access to care for pediatric obesity.
Abstract

Keywords:
adolescentchilddietary restraintdietingdisordered eatingpediatricsweight management

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