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Body composition and ventricular function in hemodialysis patients.

Javier Carbayo1, Soraya Abad1, Eduardo Verde1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.

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|February 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Higher fat tissue in dialysis patients is linked to worse heart function. This body composition factor may negatively impact both right and left ventricular function over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • The impact of body composition on cardiovascular outcomes in dialysis patients remains under-investigated.
  • Understanding these relationships is crucial for improving patient prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between body composition and changes in ventricular function in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis.
  • To explore the role of body composition in cardiovascular mortality within this population.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of 78 chronic hemodialysis patients.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography and bioimpedance analysis performed at baseline and end-of-study.
  • Follow-up duration averaged 30.6 months.

Main Results:

  • Patients with a higher fat tissue index (FTI > 9.20 kg/m²) showed significant worsening in right and left ventricular function.
  • A greater decrease in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was observed in patients with higher FTI.
  • Right ventricular dysfunction (low TAPSE) was associated with a trend towards higher mortality (HR 13.5).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated fat tissue index may have a detrimental effect on both right and left ventricular function in dialysis patients.
  • While other body composition parameters showed no association with mortality, right ventricular dysfunction is a potential risk factor.