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Asthma in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Li Shi1, Jie Xu1, Wenwei Xiao1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|February 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Asthma prevalence in COVID-19 patients mirrors the general population. Asthma may protect against COVID-19 mortality, warranting attention for co-infected individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The impact of asthma on contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or experiencing severe outcomes remains unclear.
  • Investigating the relationship between asthma and COVID-19 outcomes is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of asthma among COVID-19 patients.
  • To analyze the association between asthma and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted using data from 116 articles (119 studies) encompassing 403,392 COVID-19 cases.
  • Pooled prevalence and effect sizes (ES) were calculated to assess the association between asthma and COVID-19 outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The global pooled prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 patients was 8.3% (95% CI, 7.6-9.0).
  • Unadjusted analyses showed no significant association between asthma and reduced risk of poor outcomes or mortality.
  • Adjusted analyses indicated that asthma is significantly associated with a reduced risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients (ES 0.80, 95% CI 0.74-0.86).

Conclusions:

  • Asthma prevalence in COVID-19 patients is comparable to the general population.
  • Asthma may act as an independent protective factor against COVID-19 mortality.
  • Further research is needed to confirm these findings and guide tailored interventions for co-infected patients.
Abstract

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