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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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The regulation of the cardiovascular system allows the body to adapt to various demands and maintain homeostasis.
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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
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Circadian control of human cardiovascular function.

Saurabh S Thosar1, Steven A Shea2

  • 1Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Portland, OR 97239, United States; School of Nursing, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Knight Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Portland, OR 97239, United States; OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States.

Current Opinion in Pharmacology
|February 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Your body

Keywords:
CardiovascularCircadianCircadian medicineCircadian reactivityCircadian rhythmsConstant routineDay night patternsForced desynchronyInteraction of behaviors and the circadian systemInternal body clock

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology and Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Circadian rhythms optimize cardiovascular (CV) system function for daily cycles of activity and rest.
  • Day-night CV patterns arise from predictable circadian influences combined with behavioral and environmental factors.
  • The circadian system is linked to the morning surge in adverse CV events like heart attack and stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the circadian control of human cardiovascular physiology at rest and during stress.
  • To identify future research directions for enhancing CV therapy through chronotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on circadian rhythms and cardiovascular function.
  • Discussion of resting and stress-reactive circadian influences on CV variables.
  • Exploration of the link between circadian timing and the incidence of cardiovascular events.

Main Results:

  • Circadian rhythms significantly influence cardiovascular system function and daily variability.
  • A strong association exists between circadian timing and the increased risk of morning cardiovascular events.
  • Understanding circadian control offers potential for optimizing cardiovascular health.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian rhythms play a critical role in preparing the cardiovascular system for daily demands.
  • Optimizing the timing of cardiovascular therapies based on individual body clock time may improve treatment efficacy.
  • Further research into chronotherapy holds promise for reducing cardiovascular event incidence.