Sensitivity and Specificity of Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Level Measurement Optical Device to Detect Hypoglycaemia

Hypoglycemia is related to lethargy, psychiatric disorders, and impaired brain metabolism. Hypoglycemia is one of the leading factors of death in blood glucose level (BGL) metabolism disorders. Optical methods have been heavily researched due to its potential to eliminate drawbacks of conventional hypoglycemia detection; however, clinical data are still scarce. This study objective was to measure the sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive BGL Measurement Optical Device (NI-BGL-MOD) to detect hypoglycemia. The reference standard is venipuncture spectrophotometry. Researcher has developed NI-BGL-MOD, which we have used in a clinical trial in December 2015. The researchers have used spectral data collected from the device to measure the BGL of randomly selected 110 participants who were older than 17 y old. Each participant was measured five times. There are a total of 550 data sets that were then compared to BGL measurement using the reference standard. The spectral data were optimized using Discrete Fourier Transform and inferred to BGL prediction using the Fast Artificial Neural Network. Researchers have defined hypoglycemia case with BGL level at 75 mg/dL or lower. The researchers have calculated sensitivity and specificity using epiR in Rstudio. Respondents' BGL values were between 67 to 96 mg/dL. Researchers have classified eighty-nine cases as hypoglycemia. There are 461 cases classified as not hypoglycemia. The sensitivity was 54%, and the specificity was 97%. Diagnostic accuracy was 86%, and the number to diagnose was 1.96. The newly developed method NI-BGL-MOD could be used to detect hypoglycemia.