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Updated: Nov 16, 2025

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Patellofemoral Dislocation Recurrence After a First Episode: A Case-Control Study.

Juan Pablo Martinez-Cano1,2, Julián Chica1, Juan José Martinez-Arboleda2

  • 1Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
|February 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
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Recurrent patellar dislocation risk is higher in younger patients with patella alta and high-grade trochlear dysplasia. These factors significantly increase the likelihood of redislocation after a first-time lateral patellar dislocation.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Sports medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Recurrent lateral patellar dislocation is a common complication after an initial episode.
  • Identifying patients at high risk for redislocation is crucial for effective treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine clinical and radiological predictors of recurrent patellar dislocation following a first-time event.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study (Level of evidence, 3) included 130 patients (139 knees) with primary lateral patellar dislocation.
  • Evaluated patient demographics, physical exam findings (e.g., patellar apprehension), and radiographic measurements (Caton-Deschamps, Insall-Salvati ratios).
  • Defined high-grade trochlear dysplasia as Dejour types B, C, and D.
Keywords:
patella altapatellar dislocationpatellar instabilityrisk factorstrochlear dysplasia

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Main Results:

  • Recurrent dislocation occurred in 59.71% of knees.
  • Significant risk factors for redislocation included Caton-Deschamps ratio ≥1.15 (OR, 2.39), age <21 years (OR, 2.53), and high-grade trochlear dysplasia (OR, 4.17).
  • The probability of redislocation increased additively with the presence of these factors, reaching 86.2% when all three were present.

Conclusions:

  • Patella alta, high-grade trochlear dysplasia, and young age (<21 years) are independent risk factors for recurrent lateral patellar dislocation.
  • The combined presence of these factors significantly increases the risk of redislocation.
  • Findings can inform treatment strategies for patients following their first patellar dislocation.