Delayed sarcoidosis onset mimicking mediastinal lymphoma recurrence after complete remission of diffuse large B cell...

Sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome describes a pathological state wherein both sarcoidosis and lymphoma are present. Sarcoidosis and lymphoma may occur concurrently, or sarcoidosis may precede lymphoma. There are few reports which have previously described the temporal progression from lymphoma to sarcoidosis. Here, we present a patient with stage II diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the right breast. The patient achieved complete remission after chemotherapy. Five years after remission, the patient visited our clinic with newly developed enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes; lymphoma recurrence was suspected. However, mediastinal lymph node biopsy showed numerous noncaseating granulomas with no evidence of malignancy in the mediastinal lymph nodes. Consequently, a diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made. This case report highlights the need for pathological confirmation following biopsy when recurrence of lymphoma is suspected.